Background: Low sex hormones are thought to be associated with metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study is to investigate relationship between sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in Korean men.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with data of health promotion center from March 2007 through February 2010. 2172 Korean men aged 21 to 79 were enrolled. Total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and glucose were assessed with overnight fasting serum samples. Sex hormones were divided into quartiles; interquartile differences on metabolic syndrome and its components were analyzed.
Results: Total testosterone showed negative association with waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, TG, systolic/diastolic blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) and positive relationship with HDL cholesterol (P for trend <0.001 respectively). SHBG was negatively associated with WC, fasting glucose, TG, and BMI and positively associated with total testosterone and age. Comparing with highest quartile, odds ratios of lowest quartile of total testosterone and SHBG for metabolic syndrome were 3.01 (95% CI, 2.11-4.28, p<0.001) and 6.34 (95% CI, 2.29-17.58, p<0.001), respectively after adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, and BMI. As total testosterone and SHBG decreased, odds ratios for metabolic syndrome were increased respectively. Total testosterone was significantly associated with each metabolic component and SHBG was associated with glucose and TG after adjustment for age, smoking status, alcohol intake, and BMI. Calculated free testosterone had no significant relationship with metabolic syndrome or its components.
Conclusion: Total testosterone and SHBG are negatively associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome independent of age and BMI in Korean men.
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