Objective : The aim of the current study is the examination of the characteristics and quality of sleep in patients with cognitive impairment.
Methods: The study sample consisted of 30 Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 30 Mild cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients and 30 control subjects in the age range 60-75years, gender and education matched. The exclusion criteria for this current study were
• Chronic conditions such as cardiac disease, sleeping disorders, depression or other psychiatric disease
• The chronic use of drugs that affect the sleep function such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics or sedatives.
The collection of data from the patients was performed with face to face interview which was based on the questionnaire with the patients’ demographics and on 2 questionnaires that included questions on the nature of sleep and daytime sleepiness Modified Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(mPSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Results
AD patients have increased sleep disturbances, sleep latency and efficiency (p<0.05) compared to the MCI group. The performance of the patients in mPSQI is highly negatively correlated with their MMSE score (p<0.001). There is high statistical significant difference (p<0.001) in mPSQi score between AD and MCI patients, AD and controls, but no difference was observed between MCI patients and controls
Conclusions
According to the results of the current study significant disturbances in sleep were found in MCI and AD patients compared to controls. These disturbances especially in the MCI patients may aid in the understanding of the complex underlying pathophysiology
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