HISTORICAL RETROSPECTION OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
Dr. Spyridon Dimitrakopoulos
Pyrgos, Greece 
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6 slide(s) – English – 2012-03-28
HISTORICAL RETROSPECTION OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN THE MODERN TIMES
Dimitrakopoulos Spyridon, Andriotis Antonios, Koliantzaki Sofia, Sidiropoulou Anna, Saltamavros Alexandros, Sorras Konstantinos, Saltamavros Alexandros, Kathopoulis Nikolaos, Bonas Apostolos, Oikonomopoulos Nikolaos, Sidiropoulos Nikolaos.
General Hospital of Pyrgos, Obstetric-Gynecology Department, Pyrgos, Greece.
AIM: The study of history of laparoscopic surgery in the modern times.
MATERIAL - METHOD: Historical sources of Greek and International bibliography.
RESULTS: The beginning of the use of tubes and speculums in medicine was first done in the civilization of Mesopotamia and Ancient Greece. In Frankfurt, 1805, Bozzini, gynecologist, did the first modern endoscopic procedure with candle and tube to the vagina and urethra. In Berlin, 1897, Nitze, urologist with Reinecke, optician and Leiter, tool constractor, made the first cysteoscopy with lenses and platin wire as bright source. In 1901, Von.Ott(St.Petersburg) made the first abdominal survey with a mirror focalized to speculum. In 1902, Kelling used a cysteoscopy to make laparoscopy at a dog after made pneumoperitoneum with filtrated air. In 1910, in Stocholm, Jacobaeus, surgeon, made laparoscopy and thoracoscopy to human with cysteoscopy. In 1920-1930, Kalk, founder of German Laparoscopy college designed many tools, promoted the development of liver and biliary laparoscopy and opened the way for the surgical laparoscopy. The development of laparoscopy in gynecological practice was made from Palmer(France), Frangeheim and Semm(Germany), Steptoe(England) and Phillips(USA). In 1952, the development of optical fibers from Hopkins(England) ,physicist, lead to the use of endoscopic and laparoscopic apparatus worldwide. The German college of Kiel with the gynecologist Semm developed most of the tools and applied modern laparoscopic surgery. While gynecologists used laparoscopy for many years the operations in general surgery delayed. In 1979, Frimberger(Germany) did the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy at experimental model. In 1985, Semm developed the technique of the laparoscopic appendectomy using an alterated colonoscopy and pneumoperitoneum with CO2. In 1986 the videocamera advanced the laparoscopic surgery to the today form. In 1987, Mouret(France) was the first surgeon who did laparoscopic cholecystectomy to human. In 1989, Dubois(France), first published the laparoscopic cholecystectomy via multiple sections. In 2000 the diffusion of the robotic surgical systems signaled a new period in laparoscopic surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic surgery constitutes a modern, very little traumatic invasive method in the surgeon\'s quiver.
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