Background: Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disorder causing fragility fractures, and is increasingly prevalent worldwide. Dioxins are ubiquitous with a half life of seven to ten years in humans, and have adverse effects on bone mineralization, size, and strength in treated animals.
Objective: To examine the association between osteoporosis and dioxin body burden in humans.
Design and setting: Cross-sectional study of a community-based population
Methods: A total of 3316 residents were interviewed in their homes in 2008- 2010 in a dioxins contaminated area. We assessed the WHO-classified 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and dibenzo-furans in the serum of 1768 subjects over 20 years of age, using high-resolution gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry. The presence of osteoporosis was based on history of fragility fracture or DEXA BMD less or equal to -2⋅5 T.
Results: We found independent and significant odds ratio of 5.2 for men and 11.7 for women (p<0.05 for both) with dioxin levels ≥64 pg compared to ≤32 pg of the WHO recommended safety level, for people aged 50 to 59 years. For men aged 50 years or less, an adjusted odds ratio of 4.3 (p<0.05) was found for those with levels of 33-63 pg compared to ≤32 pg.
Conclusions: This was the first report on the association between increased risk of osteoporosis and dioxin body burden in humans, particularly in middle-aged people who might have exposed in days during or before puberty. Further investigations are suggested into other exposed population and related mechanisms of osteoblastic activity.
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