Women live longer than men and are thought to be protected in cardiovascular aspect. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, arterial hypertension (AH) and dyslipidemia are the strongest cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of these CVRFs during the menopausal transition in women with T2D and to compare them to men. Design of the study: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted at the University clinic of endocrinology of the Medical University–Sofia, were included 1585 patients (F/M = 926/659) with T2D over the age of 40, hospitalized for the first time. Data about gender, age, height, weight, BMI, presence of AH and dyslipidemia was collected and analyzed from the written hospital medical records. Results: Women had a higher BMI (30.2+6.2 vs. 28.4+5.1 kg/m2; p<0.001), prevalence of obesity (46.3 vs. 31.7%; p<0.001), AH (88.0 vs. 81.5 %; p<0.001) and dislipidemia (61.8 vs. 56.1%; p<0.01). Further, patients were divided according their age in five-years intervals and data is presented in the table. An increase in the prevalence of CVRFs was observed during the peri-menopausal period (46-55 years), when they became more common in female, compared to male patients. Conclusions: In general women with T2D have a higher prevalence of the main CVRFs. The unfavorable change appears during the menopausal transition and requires a special attention and preventive measures in this high-risk population.
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