Curcumin, predominant yellow pigment of turmeric, is an effective natural compound that has been used as an anti-inflammatory remedy in traditional medicine. Recent studies have shown that curcumin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines and animal models. However, the absorption efficacy of curcumin and hence its bioavailability are too low to exhibit beneficial therapeutic effects. Here, we improved the stability of curcumin and its anti tumor property by using dendrosome nano-particles that have recently introduced as safe, neutral, and biodegradable carriers. For in vitro studies, 2 cancerous cell lines; WEHI-164 and A431 cell lines as well as MEF (mouse embryonic fibroblast) normal cells were used for uptake kinetics by FACS, cell viability assay by MTT and apoptosis by annexin V/FITC staining. Our results showed that dendrosomes not only have significantly increased the uptake of curcumin (so called dendro-curcumin), but also inhibited the growth of cancer cells rather than normal ones by inducing apoptosis (p<0.05). For in vivo studies, we used 4 groups of BALB/c fibrosarcoma models that have been treated with dendro-curcumin, curcumin, dendrosome and PBS. Evaluating the tumor volume and survival rate of treated mice illustrated that dendro-curcumin has significantly suppressed the tumor growth and increased their life span in comparison to other groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, our data as an introductory research introduces dendro-curcumin as a new nano-based compound of curcumin with high anti-tumor efficiency, though further investigations are needed especially on molecular aspects of this result.
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